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Cylinder liner function

2024-06-07


Cylinder liner function
The functions of the cylinder liner are:
1. Together with the cylinder head and piston, it forms the cylinder working space.
2. The cylinder liner of the cylinder piston diesel engine is the lead of the reciprocating movement of the piston, which is subjected to the side thrust of the piston.
3. The heat of the piston assembly and itself is transferred to the cooling water to make the working temperature appropriate.
4. The cylinder liner of a two-stroke diesel engine is arranged with an air port, which is opened and closed by a piston to realize gas distribution.

The inner surface of the cylinder is easy to wear due to the action of high temperature and high pressure gas and the contact with the high-speed moving piston. In order to improve the wear resistance of cylinder and prolong the service life of cylinder, there are different cylinder structure forms and surface treatment methods. There are three types of cylinder structure: no cylinder liner type, dry cylinder liner type, wet gas cylinder liner type.
No cylinder liner type body is not inlaid with any cylinder liner body, the cylinder is directly processed on the body, the advantage is that the center distance of the cylinder can be shortened, so that the size and quality of the body can be reduced. But the cost is high.
The dry cylinder liner is not in contact with the coolant, the wall thickness is 2~3mm, the outer surface and the inner surface of the cylinder liner seat hole must be finished to ensure the necessary profile accuracy and easy disassembly. The advantages are large stiffness of the body, small center distance of the cylinder, light weight and simple processing technology. The disadvantage is that the heat transfer is poor, the temperature distribution is not uniform, and local deformation is easy to occur.
The outer wall of the wet cylinder liner is in direct contact with the coolant, the wall thickness is 5~8mm, the radial positioning is achieved by using the upper and lower positioning ring, and the axial positioning is realized by matching the upper flange of the cylinder liner with the corresponding supporting surface on the top of the body. The advantages of wet cylinder liner are that there is no sealed water jacket on the body, easy to cast, good heat transfer, more uniform temperature distribution, easy to repair, and the cylinder liner can be replaced without removing the engine from the car. The disadvantage is that the stiffness of the body is poor and it is easy to leak.