It boils and turns to normal only after making up the cooling water. Analysis and diagnosis:...

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Fault diagnosis and maintenance of automobile engine cooling system （二）

2021-08-11

It boils and turns to normal only after making up the cooling water. Analysis and diagnosis:

(1) When the engine overheats suddenly during driving, first pay attention to the dynamic state of the ammeter. If the ammeter does not indicate charging when increasing the throttle, and the gauge needle is only discharged by 3 ~ 5A Intermittently swing back to "0" position indicates that the fan belt is broken. If the ammeter indicates charging, shut down the engine and touch the radiator and engine by hand. If the engine temperature is too high and the radiator temperature is low, it indicates that the water pump shaft and impeller are loose, interrupting the cooling water circulation; If the temperature difference between the engine and the radiator is not large, check whether there is serious water leakage in the cooling system. After detection, the engine temperature is too high and the radiator temperature is too low, and the water pump has problems;

(2) The temperature of the cooling water rises rapidly at the initial start-up, resulting in the boiling of the cooling water. The main valve of the multi-system thermostat falls off and is transversely stuck in the water inlet pipe of the radiator, which hinders the large circulation of the cooling water and rapidly increases the pressure in the cooling system. When the internal pressure reaches a certain level, the stuck main valve will suddenly impulse to change its orientation and quickly connect the large circulation water path, At this time, the boiling water quickly flushes away the radiator cap. If the cooling water is always boiling during driving, stop the engine immediately to make the engine run at low speed until the water temperature is normal, and then shut down for inspection. It is not allowed to mix water to cool down, so as to prevent cracks of relevant parts due to internal stress caused by too large temperature difference. If the cylinder gasket is burned out, sometimes the water tank mouth can overflow and discharge bubbles, showing the boiling state of cooling water. This is mainly because the cylinder gasket is burned out or the cylinder head and cylinder liner have cracks, which makes the high-pressure gas rush into the water jacket and emit fierce bubbles. If the crack of the cylinder gasket or cylinder head is connected with the lubricating oil circuit, oil stains will also appear in the water tank. Inspection method of high-pressure gas in the cylinder channeling into the cooling system: remove the fan belt and stop the water pump. When the starter runs below medium speed, bubbles will be seen at the water inlet of the water tank and a "grunt, grunt" sound will be heard, which is a slight air leakage; If the water pump is not stopped, bubbles can be clearly seen and the sound of "grunt, grunt" can be heard, which is a serious air leakage; The water tank cover will blow out like a boiling pot, which is a serious air leakage. If cooling water is sucked into the cylinder, steam will be discharged from the exhaust pipe during start-up and white smoke will be emitted during operation. There is no such phenomenon after detection.

Test result: there is a problem with the water pump. overhaul:

Scale removal: use the chemical reaction between acid or alkali substances and scale to generate new water-soluble substances to remove scale. During cleaning, it is best to adopt micro circulation method: first clean with acidic solution, and then rinse with alkaline solution for neutralization. During cleaning, the descaling agent circulates in the water tank at a certain pressure (generally 0.1MPa) for 5min After cleaning.

Radiator repair: radiator fault detection is leakage. There are generally two methods to repair radiator leakage; Welding repair method and plugging method. Repair the vehicle with radiator plugging agent (i.e. plugging method). Before repair, clean the radiator and add 1:2 The engine shall be operated at about 80 ℃ for 5min After, drain the alkaline water, rinse with clean water, start the engine, and drain the water when the vehicle is heated up to 80 ℃. Then remove the thermostat and adjust the plugging agent to 1:20 Add water in the proportion of, start the engine, raise the water temperature to 80 ~ 85 ℃ and keep it for 1.0min. Keep the cooling water containing plugging agent in the cooling system for 3 ~ 4 hours Oh, my God. The repaired radiator passed the leakage test and was delivered without leakage.

Maintenance of water pump: before maintenance of the water pump, remove the water pump from the engine and disassemble it. When removing the water pump, first turn on the water drain switch of the radiator and the engine, put the coolant into a clean container, remove the fixing bolts of the water pump and the bolts on the pulley seat, remove the water inlet and outlet hose, and remove the fan and other relevant assemblies and drive pulleys. Remove the adjusting rod and bolt of the drive belt, and then remove the water pump and sealing gasket. When disassembling the water pump, first unscrew the pump cover bolts, remove the pump cover and sealing gasket. Then pull down the fan pulley with a puller; Then put the water pump body into water or oil and heat it to 75 ~ 85 ℃, remove the water pump bearing, water seal assembly and water pump impeller assembly with the water pump bearing disassembler and press, and finally press out the water pump shaft. The inspection items of water pump parts mainly include: (1) whether the pump body and pulley seat are worn and damaged, and replace them if necessary（ 2) Whether the pump shaft is bent, whether the journal is seriously worn, and whether the shaft end thread is damaged（ 3) Whether the blade on the impeller is broken and whether the shaft hole is seriously worn（ 4) If the wear degree of water seal and bakelite pad exceeds the service limit, it shall be replaced with new parts（ 5) When checking the wear of the shaft, measure the deflection with a dial indicator. If it exceeds 0.1mm, replace the bearing with a new one. Pay attention to the following points when repairing the water pump: (1) if the water seal is worn and grooved, it can be flattened with emery cloth. If it is worn too much, it should be replaced; If there are rough scratches on the water seal seat, it can be trimmed with a plane reamer or on a lathe（ 2) Welding repair is allowed when the pump has the following damage: the length is 30mm Below, there is no crack extending to the bearing hole; The flange combined with the cylinder head is damaged; The oil seal seat hole is damaged（ 3) The bending of the pump shaft shall not exceed 0.03mm, otherwise it shall be replaced or corrected by cold pressing（ 4) Replace the damaged impeller blade. Assembly and installation of water pump.

The sequence is the reverse of disassembly and disassembly. During assembly, pay attention to the technical specifications between the mating parts. When installing the water pump assembly on the engine, pay attention to the following matters: (1) replace with a new gasket during installation（ 2) Check and adjust the tightness of the belt. Generally, 100N is applied in the middle of the belt When the right pressure presses down the belt, the deflection shall be 8 ~ 12mm. If it does not meet the requirements, adjust its tightness（ 3) After the installation of the water pump, connect the soft water pipes of the cooling system, add cooling water, start the engine, and check the operation of the water pump and the cooling system for leakage.
Through the above repair, the operating temperature of the automobile engine returns to normal.

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