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Key points for installation of main engine components Part II

2023-02-17

 Piston ring installation
 
Piston rings are divided into gas rings and oil rings. The 195 diesel engine uses an inkstone gas ring and one oil ring, while the Z1100 diesel engine uses two gas rings and one oil ring. They are installed in the piston ring groove, rely on the elastic force to stick to the cylinder wall, and move up and down with the piston. There are two functions of the air ring, one is to seal the cylinder, so that the gas in the cylinder does not leak into the crankcase as much as possible; the other is to transfer the heat of the piston head to the cylinder wall.
Once the piston ring leaks, a large amount of high-temperature gas will escape from the gap between the piston and the cylinder. Not only the heat received by the piston from the top cannot be transmitted to the cylinder wall through the piston ring, but also the outer surface of the piston and the piston ring will be strongly heated by the gas. , eventually causing the piston and piston ring to burn out. The oil ring mainly acts as an oil scraper to prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber. The working environment of the piston ring is harsh, and it is also a vulnerable part of the diesel engine.
 
Pay attention to the following points when replacing piston rings:
(1) Choose a qualified piston ring, and use a special piston ring pliers to properly open the piston ring when fitting it on the piston, and avoid excessive force.
(2) When assembling the piston ring, pay attention to the direction. The chrome-plated ring should be installed in the first ring groove, and the inner cutout should be upward; when the piston ring with outer cutout is installed, the outer cutout should be downward; Generally, the outer edge has chamfers, but the outer edge of the lower end surface of the lower lip has no chamfers. Pay attention to the installation direction and do not install it wrong.
(3) Before the piston-connecting rod assembly is installed in the cylinder, the positions of the end gaps of each ring must be evenly distributed in the direction of the piston circumference, so as to avoid air leakage and oil leakage caused by overlapping ports.