Why do steels with high carbon content break easily?

Ford
Tempo Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Contour Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Probe Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Thunderbird Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford Mustang Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mustang Gt Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Ford 5.0(302) H/O V8 1980-1988 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Ford Motors Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Ford Explorer Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford Ranger Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford 5.4-L,M,Z,3(330) V8 2001 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford Timing Chain Kit Mustang Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Cht1300 Timing Chain Kit 76394/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Courier Timing Chain Kit Ford Trucks For Sale Timing Chain Kit Ford Taurus Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Focus Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ecosport Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Ford Transit Timing Chain Kit Ford 184 90Ps Y.M. Timing Chain Kit Ford 184 120Ps Y.M. Timing Chain Kit Transit V 347 2.2TDCI 3.2TDCI 2006-Fiesta Timing Chain Kit Ford 4.6L 281 Dohc 1998-2000 Timing Chain Kit Ford Truck 4.6L 281 2001-2002 Timing Chain Kit Ford 4.6L 281 2003-2005 Timing Chain Kit Ford Truck 5.4L 330 Dohc 98-00 Timing Chain Kit Ford Truck 5.4L 330 Dohc 2001-2002 Timing Chain Kit Ford 5.4L 330 Dohc 1998-2000 Timing Chain Kit Rangers Timing Chain Kit Galaxy Timing Chain Kit Ford Trans V.347 2.4 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Edge Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford Racing 4.6-X(281) Sohc 2005-10 Timing Chain Kit BK3Q6268AA 132L 1704089Transit 2.4 Tdci H9Fb 2006.11- Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Sierra Scopio Timing Chain Kit Ford Fiesta Timing Chain Kit Ford Transit 2.2L MK7 Timing Chain Kit TCK130/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Ford 5.4L Expedition Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford Mondeo Timing Chain Kit Explorer Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford F150 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford C Max Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Ford Focus Rs Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit 2013 Mustang Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution 2010 Ford F150 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution E250 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit FIESTA 1.5L 1496CC YZJA 19-FD069 V timing chain kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution fiesta 1.5l 1496cc yzja 19 FD069 timing chain kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution
BMW
2006-2009 New Auto Bmw Mini Cooper Clubman Convertible 1.6L Timing Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Mini cooper clubman R55 R56 1.6L 2.0L Timing Kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit Timing chain kit fit bmw 3 series bmw 5 series z3 e46 e34 e36 for sale/kit de distribución/kit de distribution BMW Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Cooper Timing chain kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution BMW E30 Timing chain kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit BMW 1 Timing chain kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit BMW 3 Series Timing chain kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution BMW Z4 Timing chain kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mini Clubman Timing chain kit/kit de distribución/spannrollen kit
Benz
Timing Chain Kit,kit de distribución,kit de distribution Mercedes Smart Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mercedes Vaneo Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution E 250 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mercedes OM668.940 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Master Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mercedes-benz OM640.942 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mercedes Benz A Class Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Smart Cabrio Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mercedes benz E200 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution E Class Mercedes Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mercedes 180 Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution Mercedes Benz Parts Timing Chain Kit/kit de distribución/kit de distribution
Opel
Astra Timing Chain Kit Opel Astra G Timing Chain Kit Vauxhall Astra Timing Chain Kit Vauxhall Vivaro Timing Chain Kit Vauxhall Zafira Timing Chain Kit Opel Corsa A14NET Timing Chain Kit Opel K12B Timing Chain Kit Opel Zafira Timing Chain Kit Vauxhall Signum Timing Chain Kit Opel Omega B Timing Chain Kit Opel Zafira Timing Chain Kit
Honda
Honda S2000 Timing Chain Kit Honda Timing Chain Kit Honda Civic Timing Chain Kit Honda Civic Hybrid Timing Chain Kit Honda Fit & Fit Sport Timing Chain Kit Honda City Timing Chain Kit Accord Timing Chain Kit Honda Cars Timing Chain Kit Honda Accord Timing Chain Kit S2000 2Dr Base 2.0L Ka6Mt Timing Chain Kit Honda S2000 2.0L F20C1/C2 Timing Chain Kit
Mitusibishi
Mitsubishi Pick Up Timing Chain Kit Mitsubishi Pajero Timing Chain Kit Mitsubishi Montero Timing Chain Kit Mitsubishi Shogun Timing Chain Kit Mitsubishi Lancer Timing Chain Kit Auto Mitsubishi Timing Chain Kit Mitsubishi Mirage Timing Chain Kit
Nissan
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Toyota
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Suzuki
Suzuki Sx4 Timing Chain Kit Grand Vitara 2005 Timing Chain Kit Suzuki Splash Timing Chain Kit Suzuki Ignis Timing Chain Kit Suzuki Jimny Timing Chain Kit 2004 Suzuki Verona Timing Chain Kit Suzuki Timing Chain Kit Suzuki Grand Vitara For Sale Timing Chain Kit Suzuki K14B Timing Chain Kit Suzuki Grand Vitara 2012 Timing Chain Kit Suzuki Xl7 Timing Chain Kit
Mazda
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Daihastu
Terios Timing chain kit Daihatsu Timing chain kit
Isuzu
Isuzu Timing Chain Kit Isuzu Impulse Timing Chain Kit Isuzu Trooper Timing Chain Kit Isuzu Hombre Timing Chain Kit Isuzu G161Z Timing Chain Kit Isuzu Ascender Timing Chain Kit
Hyundai
Elantra Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Getz Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Motors Timing Chain Kit Tiburon Timing Chain Kit Hyundai 2.0L G4Gc Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Tucson Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Santa Fe Timing Chain Kit Hyundai G4FA Timing Chain Kit Hyundai G4KD Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Accent Timing Chain Kit Genesis Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Sonata Timing Chain Kit Hyundai Hb20 Timing Chain Kit Hyundai IX35 Timing Chain Kit
Iveco
Iveco Diesel 3000Cc Enging Code F1Ce0481 Timing Chain Kit
Jeep
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Kia
Kia Timing Chain Kit Kia Picanto Timing Chain Kit Kia Motors Timing Chain Kit Kia Auto Timing Chain Kit Entourage Timing Chain Kit
Chevrolet
Chevrolet 1ZZFE Timing chain kit Chevy Timing Chain Kit Equinox Timing Chain Kit Malibu Timing Chain Kit Beretta Timing Chain Kit Chevy Malibu Timing Chain Kit Citation Timing Chain Kit C368 Cavalier Timing Chain Kit C372 Camaro Timing Chain Kit C373 Impala Timing Chain Kit Monte Carlo Timing Chain Kit C499 Chevrolet 5.0 Timing Chain Kit C506 Chevrolet 1.9L 119 4Cyl 82-85 Timing Chain Kit Corsica Timing Chain Kit Chevy Impala Timing Chain Kit Express Timing Chain Kit Heavy Duty Timing Chain Kit Chevrolet 5.7 Timing Chain Kit 73069 Chevrolet Heavy Duty Timing Chain Kit Chevrolet 6.2 Timing Chain Kit Suburban Timing Chain Kit Chevrolet Avalanche Timing Chain Kit Trailblazer Timing Chain Kit Chevrolet Blazer Timing Chain Kit Caprice Timing Chain Kit Chevy Colorado Timing Chain Kit Canyon Timing Chain Kit Chevy Equinox Timing Chain Kit Chevy Traverse Timing Chain Kit Pontiac Timing Chain Kit Monte Timing Chain Kit Chevrolet C14/C15/C16/B15/B16 Timing Chain Kit Chevrolet Z22 Yh Timing Chain Kit Spark Timing Chain Kit Corvette Timing Chain Kit
Citroen
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Audi
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Peugeot
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Renault
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Chrysler
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Volkswagen
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Dodge
Dodge Pickup Timing Chain Kit Dodge Magnum Timing Chain Kit Dodge Intrepid Timing Chain Kit Dodge Trucks Timing Chain Kit 76155 Dodge Dakota Timing Chain Kit Dakota Timing Chain Kit 9-0393S Durango Timing Chain Kit Dodge Parts Timing Chain Kit Dynasty Timing Chain Kit Ram 1500 Timing Chain Kit Dodge Journey Timing Chain Kit ,Dodge Caliber Timing Chain Kit Dodge Caravan Timing Chain Kit Dodge 1500 Timing Chain Kit Caravan Timing Chain Kit Dodge Grand Caravan Timing Chain Kit 2013 Dodge Charger Timing Chain Kit
Fiat
Strada Timing Chain Kit Ducato Timing Chain Kit Palio Timing Chain Kit 500 Fiat Timing Chain Kit Fiat Croma Timing Chain Kit Croma Timing Chain Kit Ducato Timing Chain Kit
Acura
K24A2 Honda Parts Acura Tsx Element Timing Chain Kit 2002-2006 KA20A Honda Acura RSX Type S Timing Chain Kit for Sale 2009-2010 KA5AT KA6MT Honda Accord Timing Chain Kit
Alfa romeo
Alfa Romeo 2198CC Brera 2.2JTS 2006.1 Timing chain kit Alfa Romeo Spider (939)2.2JTS 2006.9 Balance kit Alfa Romeo Mito Timing chain kit
American motors
American Motors 2.5-U(150) 4 Cyl. 1983-1987 Timing chain kit American Motors 2.8(173) V6 1985-86 Timing chain kit
Cadillac
Cimarron Timing Chain Kit Cimarron 2.8-W(173) V6 85-88 Timing Chain Kit Cadillac Timing Chain Kit Eldorado Timing Chain Kit
Cam Phaser VVT
VVT gear for European vehicle VVT gear for American vehicle VVT gear for Asian vehicle 03C109088B 03C109088E 03C109088F VVT gear Cam phaser for Volkswagen EA111
Daimler
Daimler Jaguar Timing Chain Kit
General motors
Gm Timing Chain Kit
Hummer
Hummer Timing Chain Kit Canyon 2007-10 Timing Chain Kit Hummer H3 Timing Chain Kit Hummer 6.0L 366Ci Lq4 V8 2003-07 Timing Chain Kit
Infiniti
Infinity Timing Chain Kit Infiniti Cars Timing Chain Kit Infinity I35 Timing Chain Kit Infiniti Fx35 Timing Chain Kit Infinity Car Timing Chain Kit Infinity VK45DE FX45 M45 Q45 Timing Chain Kit Armada Timing Chain Kit
Buick
Skylark 2.0-B,P Timing chain kit Buick Century Timing Chain Kit Somerset Timing Chain Kit Skylark 2.3-D Timing Chain Kit Skylark 2.4-T Timing Chain Kit Buick 2.4-T(146) Dohc 4 Cyl.1997-02 Timing Chain Kit Regal Timing Chain Kit Century Skylark 2.8-S,X,Z Timing Chain Kit Buick Lesabre Timing Chain Kit Buick Regal Timing Chain Kit Buick 3.2(196) V6 1978-1979 Timing Chain Kit Century Timing Chain Kit Park Ave 3.8 Timing Chain Kit Buick Rendezvous Timing Chain Kit Buick Lacrosse Timing Chain Kit Buick Terraza Timing Chain Kit
Jaguar
Jaguar Timing Chain Kit Jaguar Cars Timing Chain Kit
LTI
LTI Timing Chain Kit
Lincoln
Lincoln Timing Chain Kit Lincoln Cars Timing Chain Kit Lincoln Mkz Timing Chain Kit Milan Timing Chain Kit Contour Timing Chain Kit Auto Lincoln Timing Chain Kit Zephyr Timing Chain Kit
LDV
Ldv Timing Chain Kit
Lotus
Lotus Timing Chain Kit
Lexus
Lexus 3Gr-Fe Timing Chain Kit Toyota Land Cruiser For Sale Timing Chain Kit GS350 Timing Chain Kit Lexus Cars Timing Chain Kit Lexus 570 Timing Chain Kit
Lancia
Lancia Timing Chain Kit
Roewe
Roewe 350 1.5L Timing Chain Kit
Saab
Saab Timing Chain Kit Saab 93 Timing Chain Kit Saab 9000 Timing Chain Kit
Saturn
Saturn Timing Chain Kit Saturn Sci Timing Chain Kit Saturn Sc2 Timing Chain Kit Saturn 1.9L L4 Sl1 Timing Chain Kit

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Why do steels with high carbon content break easily? Part 1

2022-06-24

Bars with high carbon content have broken many times, such as shafts made of 45# steel, which will break after a short time of use. Taking samples from the fractured parts and conducting metallographic analysis, it is often impossible to find the cause, even if it is far-fetched to find some reasons, it is not the actual reason.

To ensure higher strength, carbon must also be added to the steel, with which iron carbides precipitate. From an electrochemical point of view, iron carbide acts as a cathode, accelerating the anodic dissolution reaction around the substrate. The increase in the volume fraction of iron carbides within the microstructure is also attributed to the low hydrogen overvoltage properties of the carbides.

The surface of the steel is easy to generate and absorb hydrogen. When the hydrogen atoms infiltrate into the steel, the volume fraction of hydrogen may increase, and finally the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of the material is significantly reduced.

The significant reduction in corrosion resistance and hydrogen embrittlement resistance of high-strength steels not only harms the properties of the steel, but also greatly limits the application of the steel.

For example, when automobile steel is exposed to various corrosive environments such as chloride, under the action of stress, the phenomenon of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) that may occur will pose a serious threat to the safety of the car body.

The higher the carbon content, the lower the hydrogen diffusion coefficient and the higher the hydrogen solubility. Scholar Chan once proposed that various lattice defects such as precipitates (as trap sites for hydrogen atoms), potential, and pores are proportional to the carbon content. The increase of carbon content will inhibit hydrogen diffusion, so the hydrogen diffusion coefficient is also low.

Since the carbon content is proportional to the hydrogen solubility, the greater the volume fraction of carbides as hydrogen atom traps, the smaller the hydrogen diffusion coefficient inside the steel, the greater the hydrogen solubility, and the hydrogen solubility also contains information about diffusible hydrogen, so Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility is the highest. With the increase of carbon content, the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen atoms decreases and the surface hydrogen concentration increases, which is caused by the decrease of hydrogen overvoltage on the steel surface.

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